Hydraulic change-speed gear.



M'. BARBAROU. HYDRAULIC CHANGE SPEED GEAR. APPLICATION FILED DEG. 8, 1910.

1,044,846. Patented Nov. 19, 1912.

Q SHEETS-SHEET 1.

M. 13111111111011; HYDRAULIC CHANGE SPEED GEAR. APPLIOATION FILED DEC. 8, 1910.

, ,044,846. Patented Nov. 19,1912.

4 SHEETS-BREE! 2.

h/zz'iefser:

M. BARBAROUQ HYDRAULIC CHANGE SPEED GEAR.

I APPLICATION FILED DBO. 8, 1910 1,044,846.

Own a V m H 4 m K P M. BARBAROU;

'HYDRAULIG CHANGE srnsn emu.

APPLICATION FILED D110. 8, 1910. I 1,044,846,. Patented Nov. 19, 1912.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4. V

I 1: MW-

WWW-

MARIUS BARBAROU, OF ST.-DENIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR T0 SOCTETE ANONYME DES AUTOMOBILES DELAUNAY-BELLEVILLE, 0F ST.-.'DE1\TIS, FRANCE, A CORPORATION OF FBANCL emme.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARIUS BAnBARoU, a citizen of the French Republic, residing at St.-Denis, Department of the Seine, in France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Change-- paratus which on being given a constant speed of rotation from any convenient source of power is capable of transmitting this same power almost integrally at speeds variable at will and in either direction. This apparatus is constituted by two systems of pumps formed by rotary cylinders arranged starwise and attached to. the driving and driven shafts; the driving system forces oil into the driven system. The pistons of the driven system have an invariable stroke while the stroke of the pistons of the driving system can be modified at will, the variations of speed of the driven shaft being obtained by modifying this 7 stroke.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawing in which:

Figure 1 is a section on the line X-X in Fig. 2. Fi 2 is an-end elevation on the driving sha side. Fig. 3 is a section on the line YYY-Y' in Fig. 1. Fig. 4= is a section on the line T-T in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 shows a modification of the device represented in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a section on the line Z-Z in Fig. 1 looking toward the right. Fig. 7 is a section on the 11118 V-V in Fig. 1 looking toward the right.

The apparatus consists of three main parts: (1) The front part comprising a system of rotary cylinder pumps the 'istons of which are united by connecting with a crown rotating upon a fixed stud which can be rendered more or less eccentric, in such a manner as to modify the stroke of ,the pistons. (2) The rear part comprising a system of rotary cylinder pumps the pistons of which are connected in a similar manner Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed December 8, 1910. Serial No. 598,213.

HYDR AULIC CHANGE-SPEED GEAR.

Patented Nov. 1a, 1912.

-with a fixed stud and eifect an invariable stroke. (3) The median part comprising a distributing plate for the liquid and in which the mechanism producing the variation of the stroke of the pistons of the,

pumps of the front part is mounted.

The front part comprises a casing 1 (Fig.

1) ending at one of its extremities in a surof this disk constituting cylinder bodies for the reception of the pistons 6, 6. The disk 4 is furnished with oil passageswhich proceed from the cylinders 5 to oblong orifices 7 (Figs. 1 and 7) that move during running opposite two semi-circular orifices 8, 9 (Figs. 3 and 7) formed in the distributing plate 2. The passages 7 communicate alternately with the passages 8 or 9 during rather less than a half revolution.

The rear part of the apparatus comprises parts similar to those of the front portion and they are provided with the same reference numerals plus the index 1; the passages 8 and 9 are common to the conduits 7 7 and 7 7 The two casings 1,1 are fixed to the distributing plate 2 by the bolts 2 2 The contact faces of the disks 4, 4 and of the plate 2 are surfaced in such a manner as to insure a perfect joint during the rotation of the disks 4, 4 In the cylindrical shaft 3 with which it is parallel. This v crown. 12 is formed by the head of a connecting rod 11 of one of the cylinders. All the front cylinders rotate with-the shaft 3 and the strokes "of the pistons aref-regulated by the eccentricity of the stud 13. Upon the distribut' plate 2 the parts 14 and 15 (Figs. 1 a e? 3) are fitted being secured by the bolt 16. The stud 13 forms part of a nut 13 guided radially in the part 14 by multiple tongues and grooves; thlS nut can i replaced by pistons 18 -18 (Fig. -5

around the bearing of the shaft be operated from the exterior by means of the screw 17 which enables the stroke of the lstons 6, 6 to be modified during running.

The stud 13 of the driven system mounted upon the part 15 is parallel with the driven shaft 3 which is in line with the shaft 3. This stud 13 the position of which is fixed is eccentric relatively to the shaft 3 it guides the pistons of the cylinders of the rear portion of the apparatus, the stroke of.which is invariable; these cylinders rotate with the shaft 3 upon which the disk which carries them is fixed. The head of one'of the rods 11 (Fig. 1) forms a crown 12 upon the periphery of which the other rods 10 10 are pivoted.

An annular recess 18 (Fig. 1) is formed 3 and receives inside a cupped leather 18 subjected to the pressure of the oil delivered by the variable supply pumps insuring the adherence of the disk 4 against the, distributing plate 2. Asimilar arrangement exists around the bearing of the driven shaft 3 A ball bearing 19 or 19 is inter-- posed between the disk 4 or 4 and the-hydraulic joint on the one hand and between this disk and the distributing plate 2 on the other hand. The latter bearing also serves,to center the point of support of the disk 4 or 4 on the distributer 2.

The cupped leather 18 (Fig. 4; can be located in a fixed bottom of the cavity 18 or 18 which forms a good joint, thereby enabling the pressure with which the disks 4, 4 bear upon the fixed plate 2 to be regulated.

The oil is conducted under pressure into the recesses 18 and 18 (Figs. 1 and 2) through pipes 20 or 20 each of these pipes is surmounted by a valve box 21 or 21 from which the pipes 22 or 22 ending at the radial conduit 23 or 23 (Fig. 7) proceed; these conduits are formed in the thickness of the distributing plate 2. -The conduit 23 communicates with the semicircular orifice 8 and the conduit orifice 9. The valve 21 or 21 closes the orifice opposite the pipe through-which the oil under pressure enters the valve casing from theorifice 8 or the orifice 9. A spring 18 insures suflicient initial pressure for maintaining all the parts in contact when there is no pressure in the a paratus.

A centrifugal pump 24 (Figs. 1, 2 and 7) fitted to the end of the casing 1, its pallets being mounted uponthe shaft 3, draws oil from the front casing around the, disk 4 through the ball bearing 19 then through the passages 24 formed around the bearing of the shaft 8. This pump forces the oil through a pipe 25 then through the pipes 26, 26 into the passages 27,27 formed in the thickness of the distributing plate 2 to the semicircular orifices 8 and '9 inside which with the object of 23 with the semicircular there is a non-return valve 27 The object of this pumpis to keep the orifices 8 and 9 always full of oil. A filling plug 28'is provided at the top of the rear casing; the latter is in communication with the front casing through an orifice 7 (Fig. 1) formed at the lower part of the distributing plate 2.

29, 29 are safety valves in communication with the orifices 8 and 9 for discharging them when the pressure exceeds the limit fixed.

30, 30 are pin screws for releasing the air which might accumulate in the upper parts of the orifices during the operation of the apparatus.

The apparatus acts in the following manner: All the pumps are single acting, the suction and forcing phases take place alternately through the conduits 7 7 for the motor pumps and through the conduits 7 7 for the driven pumps. Assuming that the stud 13 occupies the position shown in Fig. 1 which is diametrically opposite to the fixed stud 13 the piston of the cylinder arranged at the top of Fig. 6 is at the lower dead center; consequently the piston of the driven cylinder at the top of Fig. 7 is at the upper deadcenter. The movement of rotation of the driven shaft 3 taking place in the direction indicated by the arrow,-Fig. 6 when the cylinders descend to the right the drivin pistons exert a forcing action in the con uits 7, 7 communicatin with the semi-circular orifice 8. The condults 7 7 of the driven cylinders are in communication with this same orifice 8. These cylinders are also on the ri ht hand in Fig. 7 and receive the oil un er pressure; the pistons press upon the fixed stud 13 and by reaction upon the ends of the cylinders '5 5 the disk 4 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 7. The disk 4 and the driven shaft 3 rotate in the same direction as the disk 4 and the shaft 3.

When the driving cylinders pass beyond the vertical at the bottom of Fig. 6 and reascend to the left the pistons exert suction and the conduits 7 7 come in front of the semi-circular orifice 9 over which they slide in rising. At the same time the driven cylinders pass. to the bottom of the same vertical line Fig. 7; they are full of oil under pressure and as soon as their conduit 7 comes in front of the semi-circular orifice 9 they force the oil that they contain to the induction pipe of the driving cylinders. During this time other driving cylinders drive the driven cylinders which descend to the right and the movement of rotation continues in the same direction for the two shafts 3 and 3 If the axis of the stud 13 is brought back into the axis of the shaft 3 the stroke of the driving pistons is zero; they do not transmit any thrust to the pistons of the driven cylinders and the 8 and 9. They are blocked shaft 3 stops. If the displacement of the I the same applies'to all the driving cylinders which move downward. The conduits 7 7 of these cylinders come in front of the semicircular orifice 8 which will become the sue tion orifice. On the other hand the pistons of the cylinders whichascend to the left exert a forcing action through the conduits 7 7 into the semi-circular orifice 9 which becomes the delivery orifice. The driven cylinders the orifices 7 7 of which communicate with the orifice 9 are the left hand cylinders; their pistons,'under the influence of the efforts exented move away from the endsof these cylinders, the reaction of the thrust upon the ends of these cylinders produces the rotation of the shaft "3 in the opposite direction to the arrow Fig.

7 fand the driven cylinders descend to the ].e t. ascend; the conduits 7 7 communicate with the orifice 8 which receives the oil discharged by the cylinders and supplies it to the driving cylinders which exert suction in descending to the right; the movement continues and the shaft 3 rotates in the opposite direction to the movement of the shaft 3.

In either direction the speed of rotation of the shaft 3 is caused to vary by varying the eccentricity of the stud 13, the speed of the shaft 3 remaining constant. The speeds in one direction or the other of the driven shaft 3 relatively to-the constant speed of the driving shaft 3 are in the ratio of the deliveries per revolution of the driving pumps; they may vary from zero when the axis of the stud '13 coincides with the axis of the shaft 3 to a maximum corresponding" to the position of the stud 13 most distan from the axis of rotation. The disk 4 constitutes in reality the casing of a rotary cylinder pump, and the disk 4 const'tutes the casing of a rotary cylinder motor adapted to be driven by the aforesaid pump.

One of the importantfeatures of the invcntion resides in the fact that the pump and motor maybe placed in quite direct communication with each other by means of the substantially semi-circular openings 8 and 9 which are cut in the distributer plate near the axis of the whole device.

A further important advantage arises from the arrangement'of the thrust chambers 18, 18 adapted to be filled with fluid motor casings tightly against the central The right hand driven cylinders.

distributer plate, the said thrust chambers being preferably supplied with liquid from the semi-circular openings 8, 9 by way of the ducts 23 23 respectively. 6

A still further advantageous feature of .theconstruction is the provision and arrangement of the auxiliary pump 24 which draws oil through the bearings and supplies it to the interior of the device, preferably at the lower eiids of the aforesaid semi-circular openings. This auxiliary pump, in keeping said openings full of oil, prevents the formation of a vacuum in the interior of the clutch mechanism and therefore enables the clutch to operate at high speeds without being subjected to shocks.

I claim:

1. A hydraulic transmission mechanism,.

comprising a rotary cylinder pump having a .casing, a rotary cylinder motor having a casing, a distributer plate interposed between said casings, and means to maintain the respective casings in tight contact with said distributer plate by the thrust of a fluid external to said pump and motor.

' 2. A hydraulic transmission mechanism, comprising a rotary cylinder motor, a rotary cylinder pump, a distributer plate interposed between the motor and pump, and thrust chambers to maintain the motor and pump in contact with the distributer plate, supplied with fluidfrom the interior of the device. l 3. In ahydraulic transmission mechanism, the combination of a distributer plate having an opening through the same, a rotary casing comprising a plurality of cylinders, pistons in said cylin ers, a shaft connected to said cylinders, a thrust chamber to hold said casing in tight contact with said distributer plate, there being passages lead- -ing from the several cylinders and adapted to register with the aforesaid opening in said plate, and a fluid connection between said opening and said thrust chamber.

4. In a hydraulic transmission mechanism, the combination of a pump having a rotary casing, a motor having a rotary casing, a distributer plate interposed between said casings and having openings to establish communication between the motor and pump, thrust chambers associated with the pump and motor respectively, to hold them in contact with said distributer plate, and fluid connections between said thrust chambers 5. A hydraulic transmission mechanism,

comprising a rotary cylin er pump, a rotary cylinder motor, a distributer plate interposed between the pump and motor and having openings to establish communication be-' tween the pump and motor, a casing inclosing the pump and motor and forming passages therewith, and an auxiliary pump to draw fluid from said passages and return it to the openings of the distributer plate.

6. A hydraulic transmission mechanism comprising a rotary cylinder pum a rotary 5 cylinder motor, a dlstributer p ate interposed between the ump and motor and havlng means to esta lish communication be tween the pump and motor, a casing inclosing the pump and motor and formmg as- 10 sages therewith, and means to draw 4 uid MARIUS BARBAROU'.

Witnesses: I

DEAN B. MASON, LOUIS JONES. 

